Iraqi human rights campaigners said they will continue their fight for justice despite the killing of scholar Husham Al Hashimi, a murder that supporters said demonstrated a heightened risk to those who dared to speak out.
“We will take extra precautions but it will not stop us – actually his death has empowered us to fight ever harder,” said Inas Jabbar, an activist from Baghdad.
Ms Jabbar is a vocal supporter of Iraq’s mass protest movement to demand better public services and an end to corruption.
It also calls for changes to the political system and an end to Iranian involvement in Iraqi politics. Hundreds of people have been killed and thousands arrested in a state crackdown on the movement.
"We have sacrificed a lot of blood and will not stop, regardless of the repercussions," Ms Jabbar told The National. "Yes, we are fearful of what their response will be, what their revenge will be, but we will continue to fight for justice."
Ms Jabbar said the killing of Al Hashimi was a strike at those brave enough to challenge the system. Although the constitution guarantees freedom of expression and speech, his death was “proof that we don’t have that right in Iraq”.
“So the least the state can do is offer security for us as activists, civil rights workers, academics and protesters,” she said.
Gunmen killed Al Hashimi outside his home in Baghdad on July 6, sending shockwaves across Iraq. His was an authoritative voice on Al Qaeda, ISIS and the Iran-backed armed groups that operate in Iraq as part of the state-sanctioned Popular Mobilisation Forces (PMF).
Government officials, diplomats and journalists all sought his insights on these topics.
The killing was an “ugly crime” committed against an honest and righteous man, said Suhaila Al Assam, a human rights activist from Baghdad.
"It is painful beyond words. He was a man who fought for a peaceful Iraq. Our movement will not stop; we will get justice for his murder," she told The National.
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Iraqi extremism expert Husham Al Hashimi was shot dead outside his home in Baghdad on Monday night. AFP -
Security forces stand guard at the scene of Husham Al Hashimi's assassination in the Zeyouneh area of Baghdad. AP -
Iraqi police officers investigate the scene outside Husham Al Hashimi's house after he was shot dead in Baghdad on Monday following threats from Iran-backed militias. AP -
Iraqis carry the coffin of Iraqi terrorism expert Husham Al Hashimi, who was assassinated by an unknown armed group outside his house. EPA -
Mourners carry Husham Al Hishami's coffin during the funeral in Baghdad, Iraq. Reuters -
Al Hashimi, a leading expert on ISIS and other armed groups, was shot dead in Baghdad on Monday evening after receiving threats from Iran-backed militias, Iraqi security officials said. EPA -
Mourners pray over the coffin of slain Iraqi extremism expert Husham Al Hashemi, who was shot dead yesterday outside his house in the Iraqi capital. AFP -
Al Hashimi was an authoritative voice on militant factions, including ISIS, but was also frequently consulted by media and foreign governments on domestic Iraqi politics and armed groups. Reuters -
A mourner cries during the funeral. Al Hashimi had warm ties with top decision-makers, including President Barham Saleh, but was also trusted by rival parties and armed groups, which used him as a mediator. AFP -
A relative reacts during the funeral of former government adviser and political analyst Husham Al Hashimi, who was killed by gunmen, in Baghdad. Reuters -
Mourners embrace during the funeral of slain Iraqi extremism expert Husham Al Hashimi, who was shot dead on Monday outside his house in the Iraqi capital. AFP -
An Iraqi federal policeman stands guard while mourners carry the flag-draped coffin of Husham Al Hashimi during his funeral in the Zeyouneh area of Baghdad. AP -
A general view shows the spot where Iraqi extremism expert Husham Al Hashimi was shot dead yesterday outside his house in the Iraqi capital Baghdad’s Zeyouneh district. AFP
Ms Al Assam said she expected more assassinations if the government did not rein in armed militias.
“Blood will be spilt on the streets and killings will be against those who are loyal to their country, [who] want the best for Iraq, and especially if their voices represent freedom and justice,” she said.
Al Hashimi was also an adviser to Prime Minister Mustafa Al Kadhimi, who has taken a tougher stance against rogue elements of the PMF since assuming office in May.
Although Al Hashimi reportedly told friends of receiving death threats from militia groups in recent months, many thought his high profile and close relations with the political class, as well as the role he played as a mediator between Iraqi factions, would be sufficient protection.
But his assassination showed that "even when the prime minister is your friend you're not safe", said Renad Mansour, a close friend of Al Hashimi and head of the Iraq Initiative at Chatham House policy institute in London.
"Those who killed him sent a message to the prime minister that power isn't only in that side of the state," Mr Mansour told The National.
The killing of Iranian general Qassem Suleimani and PMF leader Abu Mahdi Al Muhandis in a US drone strike in Baghdad in January changed the political dynamics of the country, he said.
“Abu Mahdi had met with Husham and I several times and he had a strategy to centralise the Hashed, in a way to make sure that no rogue elements would affect the strategy he had,” Mr Mansour said.
He said the killing of Al Muhandis had meant that "we don’t know who is calling the shots" in the Iraqi militias and the situation would become more dangerous.
“Tragically, Husham is the victim in the new environment. He was the easiest to hit from that side; he wasn’t in the Green Zone and didn’t have protection," Mr Mansour said.
The month after Al Muhandis was killed, Al Hashimi advised Mr Mansour and Iraq expert Toby Dodge against travelling to Iraq.
He told them the situation "has completely changed and violence is much more likely to be used in a targeted political way", Mr Dodge told The National.
“He realised that he was under threat and had been since January, but he thought that because he talked to all sides he could negotiate and avoid violence being directed at him,” he said.
“Al Muhandis was a friend of Husham and people who had been in meetings with both of them said Al Muhandis had a warm relationship with Husham.”
Mr Dodge said the killing of Al Muhandis, who led the Kataib Hezbollah militia, could have contributed to the assassination of Al Hashimi.
Supporters of Al Muhandis vowed to take revenge against the US and its allies after the drone strike. Their anger was heightened last month when Mr Al Kadhimi's government ordered a raid on a Kataib Hezbollah warehouse in which 14 people were detained on suspicion of involvement in rocket attacks on US targets in Iraq.
There has been speculation among Iraqis that Al Hashimi was killed because of his association with the prime minister, who is backed by the US.
Mr Dodge said the assassination was a sign that “violence is being used in a much more indiscriminate way” in Iraq.
Sajad Jiyad, a Baghdad-based political analyst, said the killing only added to Iraq’s poor record of protecting people who are critical of power elements and groups.
“Husham didn’t say anything that was wrong, he was just speaking his mind, and pointing out where the problems are in the Iraqi state. He was saying things that many Iraqis agreed with,” Mr Jiyad said.
His death “outraged many people ... you can’t kill someone just because you have a view or opinion", he said.
"Husham didn't harm anyone, didn’t do anything.”
Now there is concern that “if you say something that displeases people then you can be killed,” he said.
