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From top to bottom, Sendai Airport in Natori, Miyagi Prefecture, in 2010; a day after the 2011 tsunami struck; the same area in August 2020. AP
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Paper lanterns are lit to commemorate the victims of an earthquake and tsunami that struck Japan in 2011. More than 2,000 candles with messages will be on display until March 11. EPA
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Lit candles are arranged to spell out "memory" and "connecting future" at the Great East Japan Earthquake and Nuclear Disaster Memorial Museum in Futaba, Fukushima Prefecture. AFP
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Candles spell out "memory" and "connecting future" at the Great East Japan Earthquake and Nuclear Disaster Memorial Museum to mark the 10th anniversary of a 9.0-magnitude earthquake that caused a tsunami and nuclear disaster, killing about 16,000 people. AFP
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Residents of Hisanohama change Gohei, strips of paper used in a Shinto ritual, on a traditional Japanese gate in front of a memorial for the victims of the 2011 earthquake and tsunami. Reuters
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Paper lanterns are lit to mark the 10th anniversary of a devastating earthquake and tsunami that struck Japan. EPA
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More than 2,000 candles have been used in a display to commemorate those killed by an earthquake and tsunami in Japan in 2011. EPA
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A paper lantern bearing the Japanese character for "bonds" forms part of a display to mark the 10th anniversary of a devastating earthquake and tsunami. EPA
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A stray dog looks back at the destruction left by a tsunami that struck the Odaka area of Minamisoma, a city inside the evacuation zone around the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear reactors. Part of the area is still a no-go zone. AP
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People visit a memorial for the victims of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami in Namie, Japan. Ceremonies to mark the 10th anniversary of the disaster are expected to be scaled back because of the Covid-19 pandemic. Getty
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A woman visits a memorial for the victims of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami in Namie, Japan. The magnitude-9.0 earthquake was one of the most powerful ever recorded. Getty
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Top, a ship washed inland to the city of Kesennuma, Miyagi Prefecture, by the tsunami that struck Japan in 2011; below, the same area nearly 10 years later. AFP
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Top, the town of Otsuchi, Iwate Prefecture, was damaged by the tsunami on March 11, 2011; below, and the same area 10 years. AFP
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Top, the effects of the 2011 tsunami on the port town of Minamisanriku, Miyagi Prefecture; below, the same area nearly 10 years later. AFP
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Top, a flooded street in an area of Tagajo, Miyagi Prefecture, hit by the tsunami in 2011; below, the same area about 10 years later. AFP
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Left, a road is littered with vehicles in Tagajo, Miyagi Prefecture, after a devastating tsunami in 2011; right, the same area 10 years later. AFP
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Police in Miyagi Prefecture offer silent prayers for the victims of the earthquake and tsunami that struck Japan in 2011 before searching for evidence of people still missing. AFP
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A child and her father look at a candle at the Great East Japan Earthquake and Nuclear Disaster Memorial Museum in Futaba, Japan. The magnitude-9.0 earthquake shifted the Earth on its axis by estimates of up to 25 centimetres. Getty
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Ukedo beach in Namie, Japan. Ceremonies to mark the 10th anniversary of the Tohoku earthquake, tsunami and triple nuclear meltdown are expected to be scaled back because of the pandemic. Getty
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From top to bottom, an area east of Natori, Miyagi Prefecture, in 2010; flooded fields and destroyed homes after the 2011 tsunami struck; the area in August 2020. AP
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From top to bottom, Ishinomaki, Miyagi Prefecture, in 2006; eight days after the tsunami struck; the same area in April 2020. AP
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From top to bottom, Ishinomaki, Miyagi Prefecture, in 2006; eight days after the tsunami swept through; the same area in April 2020. AP
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From top to bottom, Sendai Airport in Natori, Miyagi Prefecture, in 2010; a day after the 2011 tsunami struck; the same area in August 2020. AP
![](https://thenational-the-national-prod.cdn.arcpublishing.com/resizer/v2/TIRQ3QH76VZKI27XPFYQ3VE2NM.jpg?smart=true&auth=30c06ac6efa11a04175c6847aeacb5e4631c5ab39e0288ba6f0da44433cd6bba&width=400&height=225)
Paper lanterns are lit to commemorate the victims of an earthquake and tsunami that struck Japan in 2011. More than 2,000 candles with messages will be on display until March 11. EPA
![](https://thenational-the-national-prod.cdn.arcpublishing.com/resizer/v2/Y3T34NIDBVRRP2HK6DBHXDETM4.jpg?smart=true&auth=f4262d0260eb2e843040f0a4aeb39de1bfb941c0c8a661ee25cf438dc16ed919&width=400&height=225)
Lit candles are arranged to spell out "memory" and "connecting future" at the Great East Japan Earthquake and Nuclear Disaster Memorial Museum in Futaba, Fukushima Prefecture. AFP
![](https://thenational-the-national-prod.cdn.arcpublishing.com/resizer/v2/HROGPO3TZ7OTY2C5C5UX7QYDK4.jpg?smart=true&auth=1b7a311780145205725a5434e06d0e98b8ef0833db86eb1ed6fc593245ca90c4&width=400&height=225)
Candles spell out "memory" and "connecting future" at the Great East Japan Earthquake and Nuclear Disaster Memorial Museum to mark the 10th anniversary of a 9.0-magnitude earthquake that caused a tsunami and nuclear disaster, killing about 16,000 people. AFP
![](https://thenational-the-national-prod.cdn.arcpublishing.com/resizer/v2/VDO7IBDKII4I7A6WP3OUZWIV5I.jpg?smart=true&auth=c447190e1be5d3b0d9987b4a3a91f6122faa4f6b1294b6c25e43c1f5dc74fdf4&width=400&height=225)
Residents of Hisanohama change Gohei, strips of paper used in a Shinto ritual, on a traditional Japanese gate in front of a memorial for the victims of the 2011 earthquake and tsunami. Reuters
![](https://thenational-the-national-prod.cdn.arcpublishing.com/resizer/v2/CH6KLPKEA6ISU5SJX7BX2Q6XYM.jpg?smart=true&auth=7081927f0ae94e393a5d8cc2bdb5d5a95395be8e18d6bff134a170bca49590cb&width=400&height=225)
Paper lanterns are lit to mark the 10th anniversary of a devastating earthquake and tsunami that struck Japan. EPA
![](https://thenational-the-national-prod.cdn.arcpublishing.com/resizer/v2/YQPWVTWOX6DB3NFLO6V2PV3GBE.jpg?smart=true&auth=605bc4445b9b2f65b1d7e2336064194ad951dcefab98e1dd517a4f5fbd574767&width=400&height=225)
More than 2,000 candles have been used in a display to commemorate those killed by an earthquake and tsunami in Japan in 2011. EPA
![](https://thenational-the-national-prod.cdn.arcpublishing.com/resizer/v2/BLTIKMYES7APYWTFFDOKXDBWFM.jpg?smart=true&auth=89e3268d3cb6646c023221210cde4043c91f433c739ef066101a1246ded62ca7&width=400&height=225)
A paper lantern bearing the Japanese character for "bonds" forms part of a display to mark the 10th anniversary of a devastating earthquake and tsunami. EPA
![](https://thenational-the-national-prod.cdn.arcpublishing.com/resizer/v2/F3FIDS7A3HDAB7ZLSQ2K5ILDVM.jpg?smart=true&auth=72792cedd2c1bc414c6db22f0cbe584a02755f4fcfdd348b125cd2b329ccf028&width=400&height=225)
A stray dog looks back at the destruction left by a tsunami that struck the Odaka area of Minamisoma, a city inside the evacuation zone around the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear reactors. Part of the area is still a no-go zone. AP
![](https://thenational-the-national-prod.cdn.arcpublishing.com/resizer/v2/PJ4D35ZJ3CY3OUKRU7DAFUAVYI.jpg?smart=true&auth=70549bbe1e3fda35de74a7bfbf6f335b6a8c4fb90a70b2f9d37289dd945a42b6&width=400&height=225)
People visit a memorial for the victims of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami in Namie, Japan. Ceremonies to mark the 10th anniversary of the disaster are expected to be scaled back because of the Covid-19 pandemic. Getty
![](https://thenational-the-national-prod.cdn.arcpublishing.com/resizer/v2/ZBCTCYM6BQLF6T75PEP52WDDRI.jpg?smart=true&auth=53fd857e507ee91f431e63e244c74d96d5c4769158834f8ffa0343cd612ccc75&width=400&height=225)
A woman visits a memorial for the victims of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami in Namie, Japan. The magnitude-9.0 earthquake was one of the most powerful ever recorded. Getty
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Top, a ship washed inland to the city of Kesennuma, Miyagi Prefecture, by the tsunami that struck Japan in 2011; below, the same area nearly 10 years later. AFP
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Top, the town of Otsuchi, Iwate Prefecture, was damaged by the tsunami on March 11, 2011; below, and the same area 10 years. AFP
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Top, the effects of the 2011 tsunami on the port town of Minamisanriku, Miyagi Prefecture; below, the same area nearly 10 years later. AFP
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Top, a flooded street in an area of Tagajo, Miyagi Prefecture, hit by the tsunami in 2011; below, the same area about 10 years later. AFP
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Left, a road is littered with vehicles in Tagajo, Miyagi Prefecture, after a devastating tsunami in 2011; right, the same area 10 years later. AFP
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Police in Miyagi Prefecture offer silent prayers for the victims of the earthquake and tsunami that struck Japan in 2011 before searching for evidence of people still missing. AFP
![](https://thenational-the-national-prod.cdn.arcpublishing.com/resizer/v2/FP5UTFAQ5QJ3UGFHVLRHEOU3EM.jpg?smart=true&auth=e412455b1d7e7a2432f88887648526fa09937797ceced7fc851d507902f8cc1e&width=400&height=225)
A child and her father look at a candle at the Great East Japan Earthquake and Nuclear Disaster Memorial Museum in Futaba, Japan. The magnitude-9.0 earthquake shifted the Earth on its axis by estimates of up to 25 centimetres. Getty
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Ukedo beach in Namie, Japan. Ceremonies to mark the 10th anniversary of the Tohoku earthquake, tsunami and triple nuclear meltdown are expected to be scaled back because of the pandemic. Getty
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From top to bottom, an area east of Natori, Miyagi Prefecture, in 2010; flooded fields and destroyed homes after the 2011 tsunami struck; the area in August 2020. AP
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From top to bottom, Ishinomaki, Miyagi Prefecture, in 2006; eight days after the tsunami struck; the same area in April 2020. AP
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From top to bottom, Ishinomaki, Miyagi Prefecture, in 2006; eight days after the tsunami swept through; the same area in April 2020. AP
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From top to bottom, Sendai Airport in Natori, Miyagi Prefecture, in 2010; a day after the 2011 tsunami struck; the same area in August 2020. AP
Japan's recovery from 2011 tsunami: before and after - in pictures
The triple disasters of earthquake, tsunami and nuclear event devastated Japan's north-eastern coast in 2011
![Taylor Heyman](https://thenational-the-national-prod.cdn.arcpublishing.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fs3.amazonaws.com%2Farc-authors%2Fthenational%2F5c60134b-f9f8-4dd5-9d2d-00ef7a3f6346.png?smart=true&auth=e19f17b595b676da878b18ee5327771347d73e24eaef3558594029f94dc11a82&width=70&height=70)
Taylor Heyman
11 March, 2021
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