Middle Eastern countries must invest and focus on diplomacy and mediation if they are to prevent future conflicts, experts have said.
In a volatile region with conflicts spilling out of control in Syria, Iraq, Yemen and Libya, Sigrid Kaag, the United Nations Special Coordinator for Lebanon, said that diplomacy was key to help end the “tremendous human suffering”.
“The root causes of conflict need to be addressed to establish and sustain peace and work towards sustainable development,” she said on Tuesday. “We need to shift from response to prevention and all member states have a role to play, with a big opportunity also for the UAE.
“More investment in mediation and facilitation is needed, as well as enhanced leadership, resources and partnerships.
“Our focus needs to be on inclusive dialogue, and solutions need to be comprehensive.”
Ms Kaag said realigning security and development is a hot topic at the UN and that a move towards preventative dialogue is necessary.
“We are struggling with ways to achieve prevention and it is also a focus of our new UN secretary general, Antonio Guterres, to establish a surge for peace,” she said. “In a world of growing complexity, asymmetrical conflict and with regional components, we must better address this and be better equipped to look at prevention with a firm lens on human rights.”
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The instability in many areas of the Middle East, exacerbated by the Arab Spring in 2011, is causing growing security threats, she said, but conflict prevention is not solely about peace and security but also relates to good governance, human rights, inclusive development and social cohesion.
“All forms of violence need to be addressed, including gender-based violence,” she said. “Addressing inequalities, strengthened institutions and ensuring that development strategies are risk-informed are central to preventing the unravelling of a social fabric.
“All situations differ but, from experience and studies, a degree of commonality is found - the effectiveness of our prevention and future responses depends on the alliances we can build, with governments, civil society, the private sector and regional and international partners. Above all, it is always about people.”
According to Bert Koenders, the Dutch foreign minister, preventing conflicts and crises is always better than curing them. “It’s not easy,” he said. “It requires a complex mix of addressing the root causes of conflict. Mr Guterres rightly stated that prevention is not merely a priority, it is the priority.”
Weak economies, low employment, an inadequate education system and lack of access to basic services are said to be some of the root causes of conflict.
“In these conditions, political agreements are needed, not only to support a peace settlement and make it work but also to address the underlying under-developed,” Mr Koenders said. “The real solution can only be political. Many actors have a role to play here, not just the parties concerned but the whole international community.”
Countries have increasingly been focusing on raising military spending. “This is important but we must not forget the importance of diplomacy,” he added.
“When it comes to preventing conflicts, rather than fighting them, there are things that diplomats and development workers are good at. They can detect signs of a conflict at an early stage and be instrumental in bringing people together, so that small differences don’t spin out of control.”
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RedCrow Intelligence Company Profile
Started: 2016
Founders: Hussein Nasser Eddin, Laila Akel, Tayeb Akel
Based: Ramallah, Palestine
Sector: Technology, Security
# of staff: 13
Investment: $745,000
Investors: Palestine’s Ibtikar Fund, Abu Dhabi’s Gothams and angel investors
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Living in...
This article is part of a guide on where to live in the UAE. Our reporters will profile some of the country’s most desirable districts, provide an estimate of rental prices and introduce you to some of the residents who call each area home.
Killing of Qassem Suleimani
How to keep control of your emotions
If your investment decisions are being dictated by emotions such as fear, greed, hope, frustration and boredom, it is time for a rethink, Chris Beauchamp, chief market analyst at online trading platform IG, says.
Greed
Greedy investors trade beyond their means, open more positions than usual or hold on to positions too long to chase an even greater gain. “All too often, they incur a heavy loss and may even wipe out the profit already made.
Tip: Ignore the short-term hype, noise and froth and invest for the long-term plan, based on sound fundamentals.
Fear
The risk of making a loss can cloud decision-making. “This can cause you to close out a position too early, or miss out on a profit by being too afraid to open a trade,” he says.
Tip: Start with a plan, and stick to it. For added security, consider placing stops to reduce any losses and limits to lock in profits.
Hope
While all traders need hope to start trading, excessive optimism can backfire. Too many traders hold on to a losing trade because they believe that it will reverse its trend and become profitable.
Tip: Set realistic goals. Be happy with what you have earned, rather than frustrated by what you could have earned.
Frustration
Traders can get annoyed when the markets have behaved in unexpected ways and generates losses or fails to deliver anticipated gains.
Tip: Accept in advance that asset price movements are completely unpredictable and you will suffer losses at some point. These can be managed, say, by attaching stops and limits to your trades.
Boredom
Too many investors buy and sell because they want something to do. They are trading as entertainment, rather than in the hope of making money. As well as making bad decisions, the extra dealing charges eat into returns.
Tip: Open an online demo account and get your thrills without risking real money.
The Perfect Couple
Starring: Nicole Kidman, Liev Schreiber, Jack Reynor
Creator: Jenna Lamia
Rating: 3/5
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COMPANY PROFILE
Founders: Alhaan Ahmed, Alyina Ahmed and Maximo Tettamanzi
Total funding: Self funded
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The struggle is on for active managers
David Einhorn closed out 2018 with his biggest annual loss ever for the 22-year-old Greenlight Capital.
The firm’s main hedge fund fell 9 per cent in December, extending this year’s decline to 34 percent, according to an investor update viewed by Bloomberg.
Greenlight posted some of the industry’s best returns in its early years, but has stumbled since losing more than 20 per cent in 2015.
Other value-investing managers have also struggled, as a decade of historically low interest rates and the rise of passive investing and quant trading pushed growth stocks past their inexpensive brethren. Three Bays Capital and SPO Partners & Co., which sought to make wagers on undervalued stocks, closed in 2018. Mr Einhorn has repeatedly expressed his frustration with the poor performance this year, while remaining steadfast in his commitment to value investing.
Greenlight, which posted gains only in May and October, underperformed both the broader market and its peers in 2018. The S&P 500 Index dropped 4.4 per cent, including dividends, while the HFRX Global Hedge Fund Index, an early indicator of industry performance, fell 7 per cent through December. 28.
At the start of the year, Greenlight managed $6.3 billion in assets, according to a regulatory filing. By May, the firm was down to $5.5bn.
AUSTRALIA SQUAD
Aaron Finch, Matt Renshaw, Brendan Doggett, Michael Neser, Usman Khawaja, Shaun Marsh, Mitchell Marsh, Tim Paine (captain), Travis Head, Marnus Labuschagne, Nathan Lyon, Jon Holland, Ashton Agar, Mitchell Starc, Peter Siddle