It's still possible to end hunger forever

At 75, the UN's food agency has work to do and is far from riding off into the sunset

A man and woman carry malnourished children at a camp for Syrians displaced by conflict near the town of Deir Al Ballut by Syria's border with Turkey in the northwest of the Aleppo province, September 28. Rami Al Sayed/ AFP

A Yemeni child receives humanitarian aid, donated by the World Food Programme in the city of Taez, on October 10. Ahmad Al Basha / AFP

Workers cut grass at an apple plantation of Darui Apple Industry Park in Yuexi county, during a government-organised media tour, Sichuan province, China, September 11. Tingshu Wang / Reuters

A worker moves boxes of apples on a production line in Yuexi county, during a government-organised media tour, Sichuan province, China, September 11. Tingshu Wang / Reuters

A dry food vendor waits for customers at his street food shop in Kolkata, Eastern India, October 9. Piyal Adhikary / EPA

An Indian family eats lunch at a street food stall in Kolkata, Eastern India, October 9. Piyal Adhikary / EPA

Women peel potatoes outside a snack bar amid the new coronavirus pandemic in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, October 9, 2020. Silvia Izquierdo / AP

Rice is harvested by combines at a field in Chongming Island, Shanghai, China, on October 13. The UN last week released its gauge of global food prices, which showed costs rose 2.1% in September, mainly driven by grains and vegetable oils. Qilai Shen/Bloomberg

A farmer collects paddy rice grains after drying them in the sun, after the harvest in Bhaktapur, Nepal October 13. Navesh Chitrakar / Reuters

A Malawian man carries food aid distributed by the United Nations World Food Progamme in Mzumazi village near the capital Lilongwe, February 3, 2016. Mike Hutchings/ Reuters

A worker makes tofu from soybeans at a facility in Banda Aceh, Indonesia, on October 12. Chaideer Mahyuddin / AFP

Farm dogs Rudy (L) and Gus sit in a Land Rover next to a sign that reads 'Keep British Food Standards' during a demonstration outside the Houses of Parliament on October 12, in London. Dan Kitwood/Getty Images

A volunteer (R) of the charity 'Les Restos du Coeur' distributes food to a man in need at a centre of the charity in Paris on October 13. Christophe Archambault/ AFP

Workers produce rice vinegar during a government organised tour at a production plant in Zhenjiang, in China's eastern Jiangsu province on October 12, 2020. Hector Retamal/ AFP

A worker checks rice vinegar stored in large jars at a plant in Zhenjiang, in China's eastern Jiangsu province. Hector Retamal/ AFP

A blind woman collects her food parcel during a food distribution organised by Gift of the Givers in Johannesburg CBD, on October 14. Luca Sola / AFP

A woman walks with her blind husband as they carry a food parcel collected during a food distribution leaded by the international NGO Gift to the Givers, in Johannesburg CBD, on October 14. Luca Sola / AFP

The UN’s food agency was born in the wake of catastrophe. Three quarters of a century later, its mission has been made more relevant to the world at large by another global scourge.

I won’t deny it: when I took over as director general of the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO) last year, I could barely contain my emotion. FAO’s foundation, after all, had preceded – if only by a matter of days – that of the UN itself.

That I, born into a Chinese peasant family, would come to lead such a venerable institution was awe-inspiring enough.

What I did not expect was that a short while into my tenure, the world would be confronted with a challenge on a scale not seen since the end of the Second World War.
The Covid-19 pandemic has not only taken a toll on human lives and health, it also threatens the livelihoods of hundreds of millions of people across the world.

Food security, until recently a rather foreign concept to many living in well-to-do countries, made headlines around the globe and set the agenda at many high-level events.

Let’s return to 1945, the year FAO was founded: a third of the victims of the Second World War had died of malnutrition and associated diseases. Famines had decimated populations over the previous decades.

A Palestinian farmer holds a basket full of dates at a date palm field in the West Bank City of Jericho, October 14. Alaa Badarneh/ EPA

So nations came together and FAO was established on 16 October 1945. Its founders invested in the new institution the world’s aspiration – to help the world rebuild and expand agriculture and to end hunger forever.

Today’s crisis may be less tangibly apocalyptic. But the numbers are no less staggering. Even before Covid-19 hit, nearly 700 million people were undernourished. The economic disruption linked to the pandemic may add another 130 million or so to these.

In the early days of the pandemic, when shelves went empty; when fruit-pickers went missing; when markets fell silent, we realised that we were taking for granted these services and the people that provide them. The moral imperative to feed the world – safely, durably and with dignity for all – is as urgent now as it was after the War.

I am aware, as I write these lines, that the analogy with 1945 can only get us so far. Back then, the crisis was one of production. FAO’s first years were largely focused on expanding the output of farms, boosting yields, supporting mechanisation and irrigation schemes.

A Nepalese woman farmer winnows paddy rice amid the coronavirus pandemic in Lalitpur, Nepal, on October 15. Narendra Shrestha/ EPA

Over subsequent decades, this vision became immensely more complex, enriched with environmental and sustainability concerns. A more holistic understanding of development set in.

Until the mid-2010s, the world was making impressive progress in reducing hunger. But it has since been rising again. Conflict and extreme weather patterns are to blame, at least in part.

I am aware, as I write these lines, that the analogy with 1945 can only get us so far

What we now need is smart, systemic action to get the food to those who need it and improve it for those who have it. Action to prevent crops from rotting in the field, for lack of efficient supply chains. Action to enhance the use of digital tools and artificial intelligence, so as to predict threats to harvest, automatically trigger crop insurance and cut climate risk. Action to rescue biodiversity from relentless erosion. Action to turn cities into the farms of tomorrow. Action by governments to implement policies that make healthy diets more accessible. Action by agencies like mine to turn to thinktanks and action-tanks rolled into one, linking up with the research community and the private sector to unleash the power of innovation.

So at 75, FAO is far from thinking of riding off into the sunset. We are not day-dreaming either. Covid-19 has made it abundantly clear that our mission is as relevant as when our founders created FAO in 1945. Cataclysms spur renewal. The pandemic has reminded everyone that food security and nutritious diets matter to all.

This is why FAO is today embarking on the next chapter in its story with a renewed sense of purpose. On the structural side, a flatter leadership structure and a modular approach allow for a more rapid reaction when crises hit.

A comprehensive and holistic Covid-19 response and recovery programme addresses the socio-economic impacts of the pandemic, mitigating the immediate pressures, while strengthening the long-term resilience of food systems and livelihoods.

Our hand-in-hand matchmaking initiative accelerates agricultural transformation and sustainable rural development in countries that have the highest rates of poverty and hunger.

It is supported by a geospatial platform designed as an open-source public good that is already aggregating vast amounts of food security data.

The position of a chief scientist has been established to sharpen knowledge generation and drive scientific partnerships geared to the Sustainable Development Goals.

The newly reformed FAO is more inclusive, efficient and dynamic, focusing on what we have designated as the “Four betters”: better production, better nutrition, a better environment, a better life.

We strongly believe that the future is made of such gestures – by ourselves, by our partners, by civil society. It takes vast numbers to achieve Zero Hunger. Indeed, it takes all of us.

Dr QU Dongyu is the director general of the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the UN