We must leave no one behind in our quest for net zero

Indigenous people have asked world leaders at Cop28 to protect ancestral land under threat from global warming, mining, oil and gas extraction. Chris Whiteoak / The National

Valdelice Veron is from the Guarani-Kaiowa community that has long fought for rights to its mineral-rich land in Brazil. Chris Whiteoak / The National

Micah Lee Carpenter-Lott is among those asking that the voices of native people are heard by world leaders at Cop28. Chris Whiteoak / The National

Jon Sarmiento is campaigning for more financing to protect indigenous farmers from natural disasters. Chris Whiteoak / The National

The indigenous community from Ecuador has called for safeguards for people whose lands bear the brunt of climate change and exploitation of natural resources. Chris Whiteoak / The National

Jaime Zehamy Rikbakta, from Brazil, is among several indigenous groups who want the world to listen to the challenges they face. Chris Whiteoak / The National

Ingrid Silva de Assis Leitemberg, from Brazil, is at Cop28 to highlight the consequences of damage to ancestral land. Chris Whiteoak / The National

Knowledge is passed down through listening and watching elders gather medicine and food in the forest. Chris Whiteoak / The National

Several indigenous groups are at Cop28 to address biodiversity challenges their regions face. Khushnum Bhandari / The National

The UN estimates there are more than 370 million indigenous people in 70 nations and recognises the need to respect and promote their unique cultures. Khushnum Bhandari / The National

As we approach the midway point of Cop28, tens of thousands of delegates from around the world continue to explore the intersection of climate with other global goals. Issues as diverse as health, gender, youth, education, and a just transition are being discussed across the dozens of pavilions and hubs that make up Expo City Dubai.

This is not a coincidence. The omnipresent nature of climate change and the interconnectedness of the challenges that the world faces demand a holistic and co-ordinated response from government, business and civil society.

One of the most pertinent examples of this is the incontrovertible nexus between efforts to decarbonise the global atmosphere through massive emissions reductions, preserve and enhance natural carbon sinks and biodiversity, and produce equitable growth opportunities for the billions of people who are yet to be afforded them. These three great missions are so closely intertwined that they must be pursued in a co-ordinated way. Otherwise, there is a major risk that well-intentioned progress in any one of these domains could thwart progress in others.

This dynamic is particularly pertinent across the Global South, which is home to 75 per cent of the world’s population, and which is already bearing the brunt of climate change with issues such as extreme heat, water scarcity and poor air quality creating systemic challenges. This is despite the fact that the richest 10 per cent of the world have per capita carbon footprints 11 times higher than the poorest 50 per cent of the global population.

A trainer explains how a solar panel works in Emalahleni, South Africa, last month. The Cop28 Presidency seeks to facilitate the inclusion and engagement of nations and businesses across emerging markets and developing economies. AFP

The extraordinary increase in access to affordable and reliable energy has been the foundation for the transformation of billions of people’s lives, access to health care and life expectancy over decades

Which is why the Cop28 Presidency has placed such emphasis on facilitating the authentic inclusion and engagement of nations and businesses across emerging markets and developing economies, where decision-makers are far too often being asked to make impossible choices between climate action and human development.

Against this backdrop, it is clear that we can no longer afford to decouple the human development agenda – which encompasses 12 of the 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals – from the climate and nature agenda.

They are two sides of the same coin, and the edge of that coin is conducive and inclusive climate policy that embraces a greener evolution of all of our systems, while ensuring all lives and livelihoods are positively affected. This is not just a lofty ambition. It is our only realistic option if we are serious about addressing climate change and nature loss in a way that leaves no one behind.

What does this mean in practice?

Above all, it is essential that decarbonisation and biodiversity protection strategies are designed and implemented in a manner that upholds, rather than undermines, the UN’s central goals on ending poverty and enhancing quality of life for all eight billion of our fellow citizens across the world today, and future generations. This must be the foundation of a just transition. After all, the extraordinary increase in access to affordable and reliable energy, closely linked to affordable food supplies, has been the foundation for the transformation of billions of people’s lives, access to health care and life expectancy over decades.

A western reef heron stands at the site of a mangrove reforestation project in the Hamata area along Egypt's southern Red Sea coast. We can no longer see nature as ornamental, and must instead embrace the reality that it is fundamental in our collective quest for a net-zero and prosperous existence. AFP

It is absurdly immoral to expect that billions of people around the world, including the 800 million without access to electricity today, and the 2.3 billion with no access to clean cooking fuels, will not seek to improve the quality and longevity of their own lives in the same way. Inhibiting economic and human development, which is undeniably underpinned by affordable and accessible energy and which has seen global poverty rates fall by more than 75 per cent since 1990s, is simply not an option.

Finally, we can no longer see nature as ornamental, and must instead embrace the reality that it is fundamental in our collective quest for a net-zero and prosperous existence. Which is why we need to see a significant scale up in global investments in nature and biodiversity, recognising that they are integral to the pursuit of our climate and human development goals. This is an especially vital opportunity, with the potential for nature-based solutions to generate one-third of the emissions reductions pathway required to limit global warming to 1.5°C.

Perhaps the one thing that everyone, everywhere can agree on is that the approach thus far hasn’t worked. Global emissions are 50 per cent higher today than they were at the first Cop meeting in 1995. Global poverty reduction rates are slowing. Biodiversity is under greater threat today that at any time in recorded history.

As the second week of the already transformative Cop28 conference begins, it is upon us all, across all sectors, to continue to bridge the trust divide. We can do this by providing much-needed confidence to all communities of the world that climate change and nature loss are being addressed in a way that that advances, rather than threatens, the ongoing march out of poverty for billions of people.