Orphaned in the fall of ISIS, London teen in Syria jail wants to return home


Gareth Browne
  • English
  • Arabic

The skinny boy in oversized glasses and a grubby tracksuit barely flinches as he reels off the grisly list of deaths of his family members during the fall of ISIS in Syria.

His mother and two of his siblings died in an air strike. His older brother was hit in the head by a sniper’s bullet as he carried out an ISIS attack.

The National has found Abdullah, a 13-year-old orphan, who says he's from London, stranded thousands of miles from home in a prison for minors in north-east Syria.

He is one of the thousands who emerged from Baghouz, a dusty town near the Iraqi border where ISIS made its last stand in March 2019 against Kurdish-led forces backed by an international coalition.

Abdullah, a young boy who calls London home, is stuck in Syria. Luke Pierce for The National
Abdullah, a young boy who calls London home, is stuck in Syria. Luke Pierce for The National

Among the ISIS ranks were men and women who had travelled from all over the world to join the group. Some of them brought young children – Abdullah’s mother, Rohana, was one of them.

Alongside the harrowing tales from Baghouz, Abdullah has fond memories of London, a city he once called home.

He remembers riding a red double-decker bus to school every day and weekend lunches at McDonald's.

Although he was born in Pakistan and lived almost half his life in Syria, he speaks with an English accent and repeatedly uses British turns of phrase.

He says England is home and he wants to go back.

“I love London more than I love Pakistan. London is a beautiful country," he says.

"I can do what I want there. I have a lot of friends and I can learn football there really fast and in Pakistan, they play cricket. I don’t like cricket. I want to go to London and learn football there.”

  • Syrian soldiers are seen cheering President Bashar Al Assad during his visit to Al Habit on the southern edges of the Idlib province, in a picture released on October 22, 2019. AFP / Syrian Presidency Facebook page
    Syrian soldiers are seen cheering President Bashar Al Assad during his visit to Al Habit on the southern edges of the Idlib province, in a picture released on October 22, 2019. AFP / Syrian Presidency Facebook page
  • A Turkish gendarme retrieves the body of Syrian refugee Alan Kurdi from a beach in Turkey. Reuters
    A Turkish gendarme retrieves the body of Syrian refugee Alan Kurdi from a beach in Turkey. Reuters
  • The guided-missile destroyer 'USS Porter' conducts strikes while in the Mediterranean Sea, on April 7, 2017. AFP / US NAVY
    The guided-missile destroyer 'USS Porter' conducts strikes while in the Mediterranean Sea, on April 7, 2017. AFP / US NAVY
  • A handout picture released by the official Syrian Arab News Agency on October 31, 2013, shows the remains of a mortar after an alleged mortar attack by rebel fighters on the Damascus mixed Christian-Druze suburb of Jaramana. AFP / Sana
    A handout picture released by the official Syrian Arab News Agency on October 31, 2013, shows the remains of a mortar after an alleged mortar attack by rebel fighters on the Damascus mixed Christian-Druze suburb of Jaramana. AFP / Sana
  • Displaced Syrians from the south of Idlib province sit out in the open in the countryside west of the town of Dana in the north-west Syrian region on December 23, 2019. AFP
    Displaced Syrians from the south of Idlib province sit out in the open in the countryside west of the town of Dana in the north-west Syrian region on December 23, 2019. AFP
  • This picture shows a general view of an overcrowded displacement camp near the village of Qah near the Turkish border in Syria's north-west Idlib province, on October 28, 2020, during the coronavirus pandemic crisis. AFP
    This picture shows a general view of an overcrowded displacement camp near the village of Qah near the Turkish border in Syria's north-west Idlib province, on October 28, 2020, during the coronavirus pandemic crisis. AFP
  • A picture taken on March 23, 2019, shows the last ISIS bastion in the eastern Syrian village of Baghuz after the defeat of the group. The Kurdish-led forces pronounced the end of ISIS regime on March 23, 2019, after flushing out the diehard militants from their very last bastion in eastern Syria. AFP
    A picture taken on March 23, 2019, shows the last ISIS bastion in the eastern Syrian village of Baghuz after the defeat of the group. The Kurdish-led forces pronounced the end of ISIS regime on March 23, 2019, after flushing out the diehard militants from their very last bastion in eastern Syria. AFP
  • Anti-government activists gesture as they gather on the streets of Daraa, 100 kilometres south of the capital Damascus, on March 23, 2011. AFP
    Anti-government activists gesture as they gather on the streets of Daraa, 100 kilometres south of the capital Damascus, on March 23, 2011. AFP
  • Syria's President Bashar Al Assad heading a cabinet meeting in the presidential palace in Damascus in 2013. Sana / AFP
    Syria's President Bashar Al Assad heading a cabinet meeting in the presidential palace in Damascus in 2013. Sana / AFP
  • A picture taken on October 3, 2015 shows a Russian army pilot leaving the cockpit of a Russian Sukhoi Su-25 ground attack aircraft at the Hmeimim airbase in the Syrian province of Latakia. AFP
    A picture taken on October 3, 2015 shows a Russian army pilot leaving the cockpit of a Russian Sukhoi Su-25 ground attack aircraft at the Hmeimim airbase in the Syrian province of Latakia. AFP
  • Members of the Free Syrian Army raise their weapons during a patrol in Idlib in north-west Syria on February 18, 2012. AFP
    Members of the Free Syrian Army raise their weapons during a patrol in Idlib in north-west Syria on February 18, 2012. AFP
  • Syrian President Bashar Al Assad is shown shaking hands with government troops in Eastern Ghouta, in the leader's first trip to the former rebel enclave outside Damascus in years, in this handout picture released by the Syrian Presidency on March 18, 2018. Syrian Presidency Facebook page / AFP
    Syrian President Bashar Al Assad is shown shaking hands with government troops in Eastern Ghouta, in the leader's first trip to the former rebel enclave outside Damascus in years, in this handout picture released by the Syrian Presidency on March 18, 2018. Syrian Presidency Facebook page / AFP
  • Militant fighters wave flags as they take part in a military parade along the streets of Syria's northern Raqqa province, on June 30, 2014. Reuters
    Militant fighters wave flags as they take part in a military parade along the streets of Syria's northern Raqqa province, on June 30, 2014. Reuters

His time in Baghouz is etched into his memory.

Thousands of ISIS members, their families and others caught up in the conflict hunkered down in tents on a bend of the Euphrates as air strikes and artillery pummelled their encampment.

He pleaded with his mother to change tents because she insisted on staying with a group of other foreign women.

“On the last night, I said to my mum: ‘Come out of the house because they are going to strike the house because it’s so big’,” he said.

Fearing it could be a target, he ran away and stayed instead with some Turkish friends.

The decision saved his life.

The next morning, he says, he awoke to see that an air strike had hit the tent, killing his mother, his sister Zeinab and his younger brother, Mohammed.

Another sister, Aisha, was hit by a rocket-propelled grenade. His oldest brother, Rabi Allah, had already been shot trying to carry out an ISIS suicide attack in Al Shaddadi, about 230 kilometres north of Baghouz.

Abdullah understands that his father, who did not travel to Syria with the family, is also dead.

After the fall of Baghouz, he spent months living alongside other orphans in Al Hol camp. The camp is run by Kurdish forces to house those who surrendered in Baghouz.

For the past two years, unbeknown to extended family or the UK government, he has been held in camps and jails across north-east Syria.

The UK government is largely refusing to repatriate adult Britons who joined the group, but it has bought back a small number of unaccompanied children.

This policy has left as many as 60 British children stuck in Syria, something rights groups have condemned. Children, they say, should not live with the consequences of the decisions of their parents.

It was 2015 when a new, mysterious man entered the family’s life in London and, soon after, Abdullah’s mum packed up their home in the UK and moved the family to Syria.

“She said to me ‘pick up all the stuff you have, we’re going to sell this house’,” he recalls.

"There was a man who was helping us, he was taking our stuff and selling our house, I remember that."
On reaching Syria, Abdullah remembers watching his mother make the ultimate pledge of loyalty to ISIS.

“We had passports, but my mum burnt them,” he says.

The family moved between Raqqa – once the de facto capital of ISIS’s so-called caliphate – the village of Al Mayadeen and the Iraqi city of Mosul.

Now, alone and missing his life in London, he wants to go home.

After more than five years in the war zone, he struggles to remember the names of his relatives in the UK.

He says he and his mother would occasionally speak with family members outside Syria but they always pretended to be in Turkey. This means that what remains of his family may not be aware he is even in Syria, nor that his mother and four siblings are dead.

Tracking down his relatives in the UK may be Abdullah’s only chance of repatriation and a normal life.

The National has informed the British government of Abdullah's situation and whereabouts. The British government may choose to repatriate Abdullah if they can establish his citizenship or deem a duty of care.

Save the Children, which has campaigned for the UK government to take action on British minors stuck in Syria, said children are the victims of war and need protection.

“The UK government has demonstrated more than once that repatriation of British children from Syria is feasible,” said Orlaith Minogue, Senior Conflict and Humanitarian Advocacy Adviser at Save the Children.

“It is critical that all British children are repatriated and supported to recover from their experiences and restore a sense of normality. We call on the UK government to take urgent steps to work with the Kurdish authorities in control of north-east Syria to ensure the safe repatriation of all British children.”

Earlier this month, the UK's Supreme Court upheld a decision to deny Shamima Begum, who left the UK as a child to join ISIS in Syria and is now also in a camp in the country's north-east, the right to return. Ms Begum wanted to come back to the UK and fight a court battle to reinstate her British citizenship.

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One in nine do not have enough to eat

Created in 1961, the World Food Programme is pledged to fight hunger worldwide as well as providing emergency food assistance in a crisis.

One of the organisation’s goals is the Zero Hunger Pledge, adopted by the international community in 2015 as one of the 17 Sustainable Goals for Sustainable Development, to end world hunger by 2030.

The WFP, a branch of the United Nations, is funded by voluntary donations from governments, businesses and private donations.

Almost two thirds of its operations currently take place in conflict zones, where it is calculated that people are more than three times likely to suffer from malnutrition than in peaceful countries.

It is currently estimated that one in nine people globally do not have enough to eat.

On any one day, the WFP estimates that it has 5,000 lorries, 20 ships and 70 aircraft on the move.

Outside emergencies, the WFP provides school meals to up to 25 million children in 63 countries, while working with communities to improve nutrition. Where possible, it buys supplies from developing countries to cut down transport cost and boost local economies.

 

Mercer, the investment consulting arm of US services company Marsh & McLennan, expects its wealth division to at least double its assets under management (AUM) in the Middle East as wealth in the region continues to grow despite economic headwinds, a company official said.

Mercer Wealth, which globally has $160 billion in AUM, plans to boost its AUM in the region to $2-$3bn in the next 2-3 years from the present $1bn, said Yasir AbuShaban, a Dubai-based principal with Mercer Wealth.

Within the next two to three years, we are looking at reaching $2 to $3 billion as a conservative estimate and we do see an opportunity to do so,” said Mr AbuShaban.

Mercer does not directly make investments, but allocates clients’ money they have discretion to, to professional asset managers. They also provide advice to clients.

“We have buying power. We can negotiate on their (client’s) behalf with asset managers to provide them lower fees than they otherwise would have to get on their own,” he added.

Mercer Wealth’s clients include sovereign wealth funds, family offices, and insurance companies among others.

From its office in Dubai, Mercer also looks after Africa, India and Turkey, where they also see opportunity for growth.

Wealth creation in Middle East and Africa (MEA) grew 8.5 per cent to $8.1 trillion last year from $7.5tn in 2015, higher than last year’s global average of 6 per cent and the second-highest growth in a region after Asia-Pacific which grew 9.9 per cent, according to consultancy Boston Consulting Group (BCG). In the region, where wealth grew just 1.9 per cent in 2015 compared with 2014, a pickup in oil prices has helped in wealth generation.

BCG is forecasting MEA wealth will rise to $12tn by 2021, growing at an annual average of 8 per cent.

Drivers of wealth generation in the region will be split evenly between new wealth creation and growth of performance of existing assets, according to BCG.

Another general trend in the region is clients’ looking for a comprehensive approach to investing, according to Mr AbuShaban.

“Institutional investors or some of the families are seeing a slowdown in the available capital they have to invest and in that sense they are looking at optimizing the way they manage their portfolios and making sure they are not investing haphazardly and different parts of their investment are working together,” said Mr AbuShaban.

Some clients also have a higher appetite for risk, given the low interest-rate environment that does not provide enough yield for some institutional investors. These clients are keen to invest in illiquid assets, such as private equity and infrastructure.

“What we have seen is a desire for higher returns in what has been a low-return environment specifically in various fixed income or bonds,” he said.

“In this environment, we have seen a de facto increase in the risk that clients are taking in things like illiquid investments, private equity investments, infrastructure and private debt, those kind of investments were higher illiquidity results in incrementally higher returns.”

The Abu Dhabi Investment Authority, one of the largest sovereign wealth funds, said in its 2016 report that has gradually increased its exposure in direct private equity and private credit transactions, mainly in Asian markets and especially in China and India. The authority’s private equity department focused on structured equities owing to “their defensive characteristics.”

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The internal combustion engine is facing a watershed moment – major manufacturer Volvo is to stop producing petroleum-powered vehicles by 2021 and countries in Europe, including the UK, have vowed to ban their sale before 2040. The National takes a look at the story of one of the most successful technologies of the last 100 years and how it has impacted life in the UAE.

Read part three: the age of the electric vehicle begins

Read part two: how climate change drove the race for an alternative 

Read part one: how cars came to the UAE

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