A boy sells oranges on the beach outside Cape Coast Castle in Ghana, a former slaving depot and now a tourist site.
A boy sells oranges on the beach outside Cape Coast Castle in Ghana, a former slaving depot and now a tourist site.

Africa Issues: Navigating around hairy war zones



"An overpass, street lights, smooth roads," says Roger, naming the odd things - odd for us, anyway - zipping past in the taxi. "And an entire windscreen," he adds, looking straight ahead. "One that isn't cracked."

Welcome to central Accra, Ghana's capital and the most city-like city we've visited since Dakar, more likely Marrakech. Our respective routes have brought some minor misadventure: for me, sleeping on the floor of a Western Sahara petrol station, the encounter with the Senegalese pickpocket, a stolen iPod and a failed bag-snatching in Ouagadougou, to name but a few. But nothing, so far, has made me clutch my noggin in woe and despair.

Disaster is never far from one's mind, though. Roger and I met weeks ago in Timbuktu, two solo travellers attempting the same thing: traversing Africa's western flank to Cape Town entirely on public transport. Neither of us have read an account of anyone actually doing this, but Roger has a plausible-sounding plan for navigating the continent's hairy armpit, the recent war zones between the southern Gabon border and Angola, where transport options are spotty at best. There's an area west of Brazzaville in the Republic of Congo we're particularly keen to avoid, where "security" on the train has been turned over to rebels-turned-bandits who call themselves Ninjas.

I reach the ocean in Cape Coast, Ghana, where Roger and I had agreed to rendezvous before proceeding down the coast together. I'd imagined a beach paradise complete with hammocks and fruity cocktails, but Cape Coast is no Koh Phagnan. The town's fort has been turned into a stirring memorial to the thousands of slaves who once languished in its dungeons, but overcast skies and humidity combined with the stench from the town's open sewers make for a stultifying atmosphere. Plus, there is little of the warmth in human interactions I'd found in northern Ghana. Roger is nowhere to be found, but I finally track him down at a resort in nearby Elmina.

Approaching Accra as though it's the last outpost of civilisation before the woolly yonder, we gorge on two-for-one pizzas at Accra Mall while waiting for our Benin visas. We meet up with two Danish women volunteering in Ghana, enjoying drinks and Lebanese food (almost passable) in Osu, the nearest thing central Accra has to a fashionable neighbourhood.

This is still Africa, though. There's a man washing himself from a bucket on the side of the motorway near our hotel - covered in suds, naked as the day he was born, his whole nature exposed to the passing traffic on the capital's main ring road. Later, less than 100 kilometres outside Accra, we pass a body lying face down on the shoulder of the road - yes, a body, though dead or merely sleeping we never learn, for the mini-bus passes without slowing, as though it were the most normal sight in the world.

Our plan is to head to Togo, the sliver of a country between here and Benin, taking in Akosombo Dam and Wli Falls before crossing the nearby frontier. The dam is - well, a huge dam, a pile of earth and rock creating the world's largest artificial reservoir, Lake Volta. The 40-metre cascade in the frontier village of Wli, billed as the highest in West Africa, is powerful enough to make you scream if you stand right under it, but not actually dangerous. That's the whole region in a nutshell, actually.

Here on the edge of Ghana, Roger and I hit our first snag. We've been told that tiny Togo offered visas at the border. Not at this border, says the staff at our German-owned guest house in Wli. We don't believe them, so we check with the young Ghana border guards. They say the same thing. We don't believe them either and insist on asking Togo immigration in person. Leaving our passports at the Ghana post as collateral - for these were single-entry Ghana visas, and getting stamped out would leave us in one of the world's most remote immigration limbos - we walk down a trail through forested hills, one of the loveliest stretches of no-man's-land I've seen.

We soon reach a single bar blocking the path. An old man snoozes in a chair outside a shack. Welcome to Togo.

The old man stirs. An entry visa? C'est pas possible at any price, he says. We're allowed a poke around the Togo village before heading back to Ghana, where the guards hand our passports back with a told-you-so shake of the head.

Hardly a catastrophe. It means an extra day travelling down to the coastal border, crossing into Lome, the sleepy Togo capital, only to head back north for a day of hiking in these same hills. But given the amount of time we've spent going over border crossings, alternative routes and imagining worst-case scenarios in Congo-Brazzaville, Democratic Republic of Congo and the Angolan enclave of Cabinda, it's a small irony that our plans have gone awry so soon.

Roger talks to me of conserving our nine lives. To the best of my knowledge, I haven't died yet, but given the number of near misses, I'm starting to wonder how many I have to spare.

Scott MacMillan is blogging about his journey on his website, www.wanderingsavage.com

ROUTE TO TITLE

Round 1: Beat Leolia Jeanjean 6-1, 6-2
Round 2: Beat Naomi Osaka 7-6, 1-6, 7-5
Round 3: Beat Marie Bouzkova 6-4, 6-2
Round 4: Beat Anastasia Potapova 6-0, 6-0
Quarter-final: Beat Marketa Vondrousova 6-0, 6-2
Semi-final: Beat Coco Gauff 6-2, 6-4
Final: Beat Jasmine Paolini 6-2, 6-2

The Good Liar

Starring: Helen Mirren, Ian McKellen

Directed by: Bill Condon

Three out of five stars

UAE players with central contracts

Rohan Mustafa, Ashfaq Ahmed, Chirag Suri, Rameez Shahzad, Shaiman Anwar, Adnan Mufti, Mohammed Usman, Ghulam Shabbir, Ahmed Raza, Qadeer Ahmed, Amir Hayat, Mohammed Naveed and Imran Haider.

Mercer, the investment consulting arm of US services company Marsh & McLennan, expects its wealth division to at least double its assets under management (AUM) in the Middle East as wealth in the region continues to grow despite economic headwinds, a company official said.

Mercer Wealth, which globally has $160 billion in AUM, plans to boost its AUM in the region to $2-$3bn in the next 2-3 years from the present $1bn, said Yasir AbuShaban, a Dubai-based principal with Mercer Wealth.

Within the next two to three years, we are looking at reaching $2 to $3 billion as a conservative estimate and we do see an opportunity to do so,” said Mr AbuShaban.

Mercer does not directly make investments, but allocates clients’ money they have discretion to, to professional asset managers. They also provide advice to clients.

“We have buying power. We can negotiate on their (client’s) behalf with asset managers to provide them lower fees than they otherwise would have to get on their own,” he added.

Mercer Wealth’s clients include sovereign wealth funds, family offices, and insurance companies among others.

From its office in Dubai, Mercer also looks after Africa, India and Turkey, where they also see opportunity for growth.

Wealth creation in Middle East and Africa (MEA) grew 8.5 per cent to $8.1 trillion last year from $7.5tn in 2015, higher than last year’s global average of 6 per cent and the second-highest growth in a region after Asia-Pacific which grew 9.9 per cent, according to consultancy Boston Consulting Group (BCG). In the region, where wealth grew just 1.9 per cent in 2015 compared with 2014, a pickup in oil prices has helped in wealth generation.

BCG is forecasting MEA wealth will rise to $12tn by 2021, growing at an annual average of 8 per cent.

Drivers of wealth generation in the region will be split evenly between new wealth creation and growth of performance of existing assets, according to BCG.

Another general trend in the region is clients’ looking for a comprehensive approach to investing, according to Mr AbuShaban.

“Institutional investors or some of the families are seeing a slowdown in the available capital they have to invest and in that sense they are looking at optimizing the way they manage their portfolios and making sure they are not investing haphazardly and different parts of their investment are working together,” said Mr AbuShaban.

Some clients also have a higher appetite for risk, given the low interest-rate environment that does not provide enough yield for some institutional investors. These clients are keen to invest in illiquid assets, such as private equity and infrastructure.

“What we have seen is a desire for higher returns in what has been a low-return environment specifically in various fixed income or bonds,” he said.

“In this environment, we have seen a de facto increase in the risk that clients are taking in things like illiquid investments, private equity investments, infrastructure and private debt, those kind of investments were higher illiquidity results in incrementally higher returns.”

The Abu Dhabi Investment Authority, one of the largest sovereign wealth funds, said in its 2016 report that has gradually increased its exposure in direct private equity and private credit transactions, mainly in Asian markets and especially in China and India. The authority’s private equity department focused on structured equities owing to “their defensive characteristics.”

The Hunger Games: The Ballad of Songbirds & Snakes

Director: Francis Lawrence

Stars: Rachel Zegler, Peter Dinklage, Viola Davis, Tom Blyth

Rating: 3/5